Grind\n\nA finer grind increases exposed surface area and tends to extract more in the same time. Make changes in small steps.\n\n## Ratio\n\nThe coffee-to-water ratio is the main axis of beverage strength. Writing down your starting recipe makes comparison easier.\n\n## Water\n\nMineral balance matters as much as temperature. Clean water you enjoy drinking is a useful place to begin at home.\n\n## Time\n\nTime is not a target on its own; it is a result of flow and grind. Change one variable per test so you can hear what the cup is telling you.